The sounds
वर्णमालाvarṇamālā · the garland of letters

The forty-six sounds, in the order she received them.

Sanskrit was not made to be read silently. Every sound here has its place in the mouth, its own breath, its own life. Press any letter to hear it. Say it back. Then say it once more with your eyes closed; the second time is the one that counts.

The whole garland, in one breath

The recordings are being made. Each one arrives here as it is finished.


Before you begin

Four things shape every consonant

Where the tongue rests

The lips, the teeth, the dome of the roof, the palate, the back. Five places. The sounds are given here in those five families, the way Vajra gives them.

Whether breath comes through

Hold your hand in front of your mouth. Say ka, then kha. The second one should touch your hand. The first should not.

Whether the throat is vibrating

Put two fingers on your throat. Say ka, then ga. One hums, one does not. The old language calls the humming ones voiced.

Whether it goes through the nose

Pinch your nose and try ma. The last sound of each family lives there.

A line over a vowel means hold it longer. A dot under a letter means the tongue-tip curls up to the dome of the roof. The marks are how the sound reaches you before you know how it really sounds. Be patient with them.

svara

the self-sounding

The sounds that sing on their own. Thirteen of them: short and held, then four made of two.

a
the breath the mouth makes at rest
Gāyatrī the small breath at the centre of her name
ā
the same breath, drawn out on purpose
mātā mother
i
quick, small
agni fire
ī
the same brightness, held
siṃhī lioness
u
the round low one
uṣas dawn
ū
the same sound, held longer
ūrdhva upward
tongue-tip curled up, the sound sung through it
ṛṣi the wise one
the sound of waiting
pitṝṇām of the fathers
a whisper barely made
kept in the garland because it once was
e
a and i held together until they are one
eka one
ai
the mouth opens wider
aiṃ the seed of speech
o
the lips round: a and u held together
oṃ the first seed
au
the full opening
mauna silence
kaṇṭhya

the throat-sounds

Five sounds at the back of the mouth, where the root of the tongue rises to meet the soft roof.

ka
the root of the tongue lifts to the back of the roof
Kūrma · kāla the tortoise · time
kha
same place as ka, breath added
khaga the sky-goer
ga
same place, the throat vibrating
Gāyatrī · Gaṅgā her name · the river
gha
same as ga, breath added
ghṛta · ghora ghee · the terrible
ṅa
same place as ka, through the nose. It never begins a word
Gaṅgā held inside the river’s name
tālavya

the palate-sounds

Five sounds where the middle of the tongue lifts and meets the palate.

ca
the middle of the tongue touches the palate
candra · cakra moon · wheel
cha
same place as ca, breath added
chāyā shadow
ja
same place, the throat vibrating
jala · jīva · jaya water · the living one · victory
jha
same as ja, breath added
jhaṣa the great fish
ña
same place as ca, through the nose
jñāna knowing without words
mūrdhanya

the crown-sounds

Five sounds you must reach for. The tip of the tongue rises and curls up to the high dome of the roof.

ṭa
reach for it
paṭu quick, skillful
ṭha
same place as ṭa, breath added
kaṇṭha the throat
ḍa
same place, the throat vibrating
ḍamaru the small drum
ḍha
same as ḍa, breath added
dṛḍha firm, steady
ṇa
same place as ṭa, through the nose
karuṇā compassion
dantya

the teeth-sounds

Five sounds at the teeth. The tip of the tongue touches the back of the teeth.

ta
the tip of the tongue touches the teeth
tamas darkness
tha
same place as ta, breath added
atha now
da
same place, the throat vibrating
darśana seeing that is also being seen
dha
same as da, breath added
dharma · dhīra what holds the world · the steady one
na
same place as ta, through the nose
nara · namaḥ a person · bowing
oṣṭhya

the lip-sounds

Five sounds at the lips, where the breath ends and begins again.

pa
the lips touch
Pakṣikā · padma the small bird · lotus
pha
same place as pa, breath added
phala fruit
ba
same place, the throat vibrating
bāla · buddhi the young one · wisdom
bha
same as ba, breath added
bhaya · Bhīma fear · the fearsome one
ma
same place as pa, through the nose
mātā mother
antaḥstha

the in-between ones

Four sounds that stand between: not quite svara, not quite vyañjana. Each one lives in its own place.

ya
the middle of the tongue lifts toward the palate, air flowing through
yoga · Yama union · the one who comes for every being
ra
the tip taps the dome of the roof
Rāma · Rohiṇī delight · the red star
la
the tip touches the back of the teeth, air around the sides
lokaḥ the world
va
the breath flows through the lips
vana · vīrya · vajra forest · courage · thunderbolt
ūṣman

the breath-sounds

Three sounds the breath flows through, and one more, alone: the breath itself, from the throat.

śa
the middle of the tongue near the palate
śoka · Śiva grief · the still one
ṣa
the tip curls to the dome, breath flowing through
ṣaḍja · ṛṣi the first note · the wise one
sa
the tip near the back of the teeth
Sarpa · Sūrya · Siṃhī the snake · the sun · the lioness
ha
just breath
hṛdaya heart
two marks

the after-sound and the letting-go

Not letters, but you will meet them in your first words. One quiets an m into a hum. One lets a word breathe out before it ends.

the after-sound. A soft hum through the nose, as in siṃhī: the m almost closes, and then it doesn’t.
the letting-go. A soft breath after a vowel, like a gentle echo of it, as in mātuḥ.
the names

Say them out loud

Stories come alive when you speak their names. These five are met before the sounds are; here they are, sound by sound.

सिंहीSiṃhī
lioness. The young lioness at the heart of every story.
सर्पSarpa
snake. The wise snake who tells the stories within stories.
गायत्रीGāyatrī
she who sings. The golden huntress, Siṃhī’s mother.
वज्रVajra
thunderbolt. The thunder of the earth, Siṃhī’s father.
कूर्मKūrma
tortoise. An ancient and very wise friend.
carry it further

Where the sounds go next

Gāyatrī’s Song: The Receiving

The book that gives the sounds one at a time, each in a story, until the cub has her first whole sentence.

Siṃhī’s Dreams: The Carrying

Twelve nights, twelve first sentences. Where the sounds become words in a mouth.

The Siṃhī Workbooks

Trace the letters, read them back, build the first words and lines, all with the same cast. The play buttons on this page are the workbook’s audio.

Coming
The other half

Saying a sound with your whole attention is already a practice. There is a deeper room for that: an hour of lying down and going inside, in Ashland or online.

Sessions are sixty dollars.

About the sessions